1). Law of independent segregation: Hereditary traits are determined by discrete factors (now known as genes) that appear in pairs, one of each pair being inherited from each parent. During meiosis, the pairs of factors are separated or segregated. Hence, each gamete that is produced by an offspring at maturity contains only one member of each pair that the offspring produces. 2). Law of independent assortment: When two pairs of alleles are brought together in a hybrid combination, they will segregate independently from each other in the F2 itself.