The Asian rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae, is a serious pest of rice in South and Southeast Asia. The adult gall midge is about the size of a mosquito. Gall midge attack starts in the seedbed and continues until the booting stage, but most of the damage is limited to the vegetative growth stages. The damage changes rice tillers into tubular galls, which dry without bearing panicles. New tillers are initiated as the older ones are infested, causing profuse tillering and stunting of the plants. A related species, O. oryzinova, is prominent in Africa.